著者名：Barry kavanagh
論文名：A study on how cultural and gender parameters affect emoticon distribution, usage and frequency in American and Japanese online discourse
掲載誌名, 出版（刊）年, 巻数, 号数, 頁：Approaches to Internet Pragmatics: Theory and practice, 2021, Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 318, pp. 287–320